Research-Aptitude
Question 1 |
In which of the following formats ‘Chapter Scheme’ of the document has to be formally approved by a research degree committee in the university?
A | Thesis/dissertation |
B | Seminar papers |
C | Research articles |
D | Research monographs
|
Question 2 |
Which of the following sampling procedures will be appropriate for conducting researches with empirico inductive research paradigm?
A | Simple random sampling procedure |
B | Systematic sampling procedure |
C | Strarified sampling procedure |
D | Any of the non probability sampling procedures |
Question 3 |
A university teacher plans to improve the study habits of students in his/her class. Which type of research paradigm will be helpful in this regard?
A | Evaluative research paradigm |
B | Fundamental research paradigm |
C | Applied research paradigm |
D | Action research paradigm |
Question 4 |
A research scholar while submitting his/her thesis, did not acknowledge in the preface the help and support of the respondents of the questionnaires used. This will be called an instance of
A | Technical lapse |
B | Wilful negligence |
C | Unethical act |
D | Lack of respect |
Question 5 |
Which of the following criteria in research relates mainly to the issue of casuality?
A | Transferability |
B | Measurement validity |
C | External validity |
D | Internal validity |
Question 6 |
A researcher decides to tell participants something false about a researcher session in order to mislead them. The researcher is using :
A | Naturalistic observation |
B | Role playing
|
C | Active deception |
D | Dehaoxing
|
Question 7 |
Match List - I with List - II
List - I List - II
(Type of variable) (Example)
A)Normal (I) Satisfaction level
B)Ordinal (II) Weight
C)Interval (III) Ethnicity
d)Ratio (IV) Year of death
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
List - I List - II
(Type of variable) (Example)
A)Normal (I) Satisfaction level
B)Ordinal (II) Weight
C)Interval (III) Ethnicity
d)Ratio (IV) Year of death
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
A | (A)-(I), (B)-(II), (C)-(III), (D)-(IV) |
B | (A)-(I), (B)-(III), (C)-(II), (D)-(IV) |
C | (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(II), (D)-(I) |
D | (A)-(III), (B)-(I), (C)-(IV), (D)-(II)
|
Question 8 |
Arrange the data sets with given means (xˉ) and standard deviations (σ) in increasing order of their coefficient of variation
(A) xˉ=8,σ=1.7
(B) xˉ=11,σ=2.2
(C) xˉ=15,σ=3.6
(D) xˉ=16,σ=3
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(A) xˉ=8,σ=1.7
(B) xˉ=11,σ=2.2
(C) xˉ=15,σ=3.6
(D) xˉ=16,σ=3
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A | (A),(B),(D),(C)
|
B | (B),(D),(C),(A)
|
C | (C),(B),(D),(A)
|
D | (D),(B),(A),(C)
|
Question 9 |
According to UGC regulations 2018 on plagiarism, which of the following similarities constitute Level-1 plagiarism ?
(A) 12%
(B)42%
(C)28%
(D)56%
(E)37%
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
(A) 12%
(B)42%
(C)28%
(D)56%
(E)37%
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
A | (A),(B) and (C) only |
B | (B),(C) and (D) only |
C | (A),(C) and (E) only |
D | (B),(C) and (E) only
|
Question 10 |
Given below are tow statements:
Statement I: In case are research study leads to generation of more research, then we will say it contain heuristic value.
Statement II: The discussion section does not allow freedom and flexibility in writing to the researcher.
In the light of the above statement, choose the correct answer from the option given below:
Statement I: In case are research study leads to generation of more research, then we will say it contain heuristic value.
Statement II: The discussion section does not allow freedom and flexibility in writing to the researcher.
In the light of the above statement, choose the correct answer from the option given below:
A | Both Statement I and Statement II are correct |
B | Both Statement I and Statement II are Incorrect |
C | Statement I is correct and Statement II are incorrect |
D | Statement I is incorrect and Statement II are correct |
Question 11 |
Which of the following are ethical principles in research?
A. Respect for participants
B. Informed consent
C. Justice for participants
D. Voluntary deception
E. Coercive consent
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A. Respect for participants
B. Informed consent
C. Justice for participants
D. Voluntary deception
E. Coercive consent
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A | A, B, C only |
B | B, C, D only |
C | C, D, E only |
D | A, D, E only |
Question 12 |
Which one of the following is a tool of grounded theory ?
A | Constant comparison |
B | Auditing |
C | Deconstruction of narratives |
D | Use of uncritical language |
Question 13 |
Given below are two statements :
Statement I : Non-probability samples use available respondents and no specific Selection procedure is followed.
Statement II : It is a fact that non-probability samples accurately reflect the population characteristics.
In the light of the above statements. choose the correct answer from the options given below
Statement I : Non-probability samples use available respondents and no specific Selection procedure is followed.
Statement II : It is a fact that non-probability samples accurately reflect the population characteristics.
In the light of the above statements. choose the correct answer from the options given below
A | Both Statement I and Statement II are true |
B | Both Statement I and Statement II are false |
C | Statement I is true but Statement II is false |
D | Statement I is false but Statement II is true |
Question 14 |
Which of the following are the actions of an ethnographic researcher?
A) He gets immersed in the Social Setting,
(B) He avoids collecting documents about the group members he is researching upon.
(C) He observes the behavior of group members.
(D) He listens to their conversation.
(E) He does not interview the participants when they are not amenable to observation.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
A) He gets immersed in the Social Setting,
(B) He avoids collecting documents about the group members he is researching upon.
(C) He observes the behavior of group members.
(D) He listens to their conversation.
(E) He does not interview the participants when they are not amenable to observation.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
A | A,B,C Only |
B | A,C,D only |
C | B,C,D only |
D | C,D,E Only |
Question 15 |
Which of the following are sources of data an historical research?
A)Personal observation
B)Focused group discussion
C)Oral testimony
D)Relics
E)Actuaries
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
A)Personal observation
B)Focused group discussion
C)Oral testimony
D)Relics
E)Actuaries
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
A | A ,B,C only
|
B | A, C,D only
|
C | B,C, D Only |
D | C,D,E Only |
Question 16 |
Which of the following are non-probability sampling methods?
A) Cluster sampling
B) Judgemental sampling
C) Systematic sampling
D) Snowball sampling
E) Quota sampling
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A) Cluster sampling
B) Judgemental sampling
C) Systematic sampling
D) Snowball sampling
E) Quota sampling
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A | (A), (B) and (C) only
|
B | (B), (D) and (E) only
|
C | (B), (C) and (D) only
|
D | (C), (D) and (E) only
|
Question 16 Explanation:
Nonprobability Sampling:
1. Convenient Sampling
2. Judgment Sampling or Purposive Sampling
3. Quota Sampling
4. Snowball Sampling
Probability Sampling:
1. Simple or Unrestricted Random Sampling
2. Systematic Sampling
3. Stratified Sampling
4. Cluster Sampling
1. Convenient Sampling
2. Judgment Sampling or Purposive Sampling
3. Quota Sampling
4. Snowball Sampling
Probability Sampling:
1. Simple or Unrestricted Random Sampling
2. Systematic Sampling
3. Stratified Sampling
4. Cluster Sampling
Question 17 |
In which of the following, there is a greater flexibility in both the methods and process of research?
A | Ethnography and phenomenology
|
B | Descriptive survey and impact studies
|
C | Experimental and observation based studies |
D | Ex Post facto and historical studies
|
Question 18 |
In conducting an empirical study, a researcher employs a non-parametric test for data analysis and finds the ‘statistics’ arrived at is ‘significant’ at .05 level. What decisions will be warranted thereafter?
A) Rejecting the Null hypothesis (H0)
B) Accepting the Null hypothesis (H0)
C) Accepting the alternative hypothesis (H1)
D) Keeping the decision in abeyance
E) Rejecting the alternative hypothesis (H1)
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A) Rejecting the Null hypothesis (H0)
B) Accepting the Null hypothesis (H0)
C) Accepting the alternative hypothesis (H1)
D) Keeping the decision in abeyance
E) Rejecting the alternative hypothesis (H1)
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A | (A) and (B) only
|
B | (B) and (C) only
|
C | (D) only
|
D | (A) and (C) only
|
Question 19 |
Given below are two statements:
Statement I: Qualitative research is an umbrella term to refer to various research strategies that share certain characteristics. The data collected have been termed ‘soft’ i.e. rich in description.
Statement II: Qualitative research is mainly hypothesis deductive and employs mostly statiscal techniques for data analysis.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Statement I: Qualitative research is an umbrella term to refer to various research strategies that share certain characteristics. The data collected have been termed ‘soft’ i.e. rich in description.
Statement II: Qualitative research is mainly hypothesis deductive and employs mostly statiscal techniques for data analysis.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A | Both Statement I and Statement II are true
|
B | Both Statement I and Statement II are false |
C | Statement I is correct but Statement II is false
|
D | Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is true
|
Question 20 |
Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A): In order to bridge the gap between theory and practice both fundamental and applied research formats have to be promoted.
Reason (R): Fundamental research focuses on theory making and applied research is directed at exploring the applicability of theory in varied practical situations.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
Assertion (A): In order to bridge the gap between theory and practice both fundamental and applied research formats have to be promoted.
Reason (R): Fundamental research focuses on theory making and applied research is directed at exploring the applicability of theory in varied practical situations.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
A | Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
|
B | Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is NOT the correct explanation of (A) |
C | (A) is correct but (R) is not correct |
D | (A) is not correct but (R) is correct
|
Question 21 |
Match List I with List II:
List I List II
(Scales of measurement) (Description of properties)
a)Nominal (I) Classification and order
b)Ordinal (II) Classification
c)Interval (III) Classification, order and equal units
d)Ratio (IV) Classification order, equal units and Absolute Zero
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
List I List II
(Scales of measurement) (Description of properties)
a)Nominal (I) Classification and order
b)Ordinal (II) Classification
c)Interval (III) Classification, order and equal units
d)Ratio (IV) Classification order, equal units and Absolute Zero
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A | (A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(II), (D)-(I)
|
B | (A)-(II), (B)-(I), (C)-(III), (D)-(IV) |
C | (A)-(I), (B)-(II), (C)-(IV), (D)-(III) |
D | (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(II) |
Question 22 |
Action research means
A | A longitudinal research |
B | An applied research |
C | A research initiated to solve an immediate problem |
D | A research with socioeconomic objective |
Question 23 |
Research is
A | Searching again and again |
B | Finding solution to any problem |
C | Working in a scientific way to search for truth of any problem |
D | None of the above |
Question 24 |
A common test in research demands much priority on
A | Reliability |
B | Useability |
C | Objectivity |
D | All of the above |
Question 25 |
Which of the following is the first step in starting the research process?
A | Searching sources of information to locate problem. |
B | Survey of related literature |
C | Identification of problem |
D | Searching for solutions to the problem |
Question 26 |
If a researcher conducts a research on finding out which administrative style contributes more to institutional effectiveness ? This will be an example of
A | Basic Research |
B | Action Research |
C | Applied Research |
D | None of the above |
Question 27 |
Normal Probability Curve should be
A | Positively skewed |
B | Negatively skewed |
C | Leptokurtic skewed |
D | Zero skewed |
Question 28 |
Which of the following is susceptible to the issue of research ethics?
A | Faulty research design |
B | Choice of sampling technique |
C | Reporting of research findings |
D | Inaccurate application of statistical techniques |
Question 29 |
In which of the following arrangements a wider spectrum of ideas and issues may be made possible?
A | Workshop mode |
B | Conference |
C | Symposium |
D | Research Article |
Question 30 |
In finalizing a thesis writing format which of the following would form part of supplementary pages?
A | Table of contents |
B | Conclusions of the study |
C | Bibliography and Appendices |
D | List of tables and figures |
Question 31 |
Which of the following research types focuses on ameliorating the prevailing situations?
A | Applied Research |
B | Action Research |
C | Experimental Research |
D | Fundamental Research |
Question 32 |
A researcher attempts to evaluate the effect of method of feeding on anxiety – proneness children. Which method of research would be appropriate for this?
A | Experimental method |
B | Ex-post-facto method |
C | Survey method |
D | Case study method |
Question 33 |
A researcher uses parametric test in lieu of non-parametric test for analysis and interpretation of results. This may be described as a case of
A | Unethical research practice |
B | Malpractice in reporting of results |
C | Technical lapse in handling data |
D | Manipulation of research results |
Question 34 |
Which of the following provides more latitude to the researcher for creative expression ?
A | Thesis writing |
B | Writing of a research article |
C | Presentation of a conference paper |
D | Preparing a research synopsis |
Question 35 |
Identify the correct order of the following components which are interrelated in research.
(i) Observation
(ii) Hypothesis making
(iii) Developing concepts
(iv) Deducing the consequences of theories
(v) Methods employed to obtain them
(i) Observation
(ii) Hypothesis making
(iii) Developing concepts
(iv) Deducing the consequences of theories
(v) Methods employed to obtain them
A | (v), (iv), (iii), (ii) and (i) |
B | (i), (iii), (ii), (iv) and (v) |
C | (ii), (iii), (i), (iv) and (v) |
D | (iv), (v), (iii), (ii) and (i) |
Question 36 |
In the list given below, identify those statements which correctly describe the meaning and characteristics of research.
(i) Research is a method of improving our common sense.
(ii) Deductive and inductive methods get integrated in a research process.
(iii) Research is creativity and charisma.
(iv) Research is the use of scientific method to provide answers to meaningful questions.
(v) Method of consulting and using experience is called research.
(vi) The answers provided by research can be empirically verified.
(i) Research is a method of improving our common sense.
(ii) Deductive and inductive methods get integrated in a research process.
(iii) Research is creativity and charisma.
(iv) Research is the use of scientific method to provide answers to meaningful questions.
(v) Method of consulting and using experience is called research.
(vi) The answers provided by research can be empirically verified.
A | (ii), (iv) and (vi) |
B | (i), (ii) and (iii) |
C | (iv), (v) and (vi) |
D | (i), (iii) and (v) |
Question 37 |
In the two lists given below, List I provides the types of research methods, while List II indicates the critical features associated with them. Match the two lists and choose the correct answer from the code given below.


A | (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) |
B | (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) |
C | (i) (iii) (ii) (v) |
D | (iv) (v) (ii) (i) |
Question 38 |
In doing action research what is the usual sequence of steps?
A | Reflect, observe, plan, act |
B | Plan, act, observe, reflect |
C | Plan, reflect, observe, act |
D | Act, observe, plan, reflect |
Question 39 |
Which sequence of research steps is logical in the list given below?
A | Problem formulation, Analysis, Development of Research design, Hypothesis making, Collection of data, Arriving at generalizations and conclusions. |
B | Development of Research design, Hypothesis making, Problem formulation, Data analysis, Arriving at conclusions and data collection. |
C | Problem formulation, Hypothesis making, Development of a Research design, Collection of data, Data analysis and formulation of generalizations and conclusions. |
D | Problem formulation, Deciding about the sample and data collection tools, Formulation of hypothesis, Collection and interpretation of research evidence. |
Question 40 |
Below are given two sets — research methods (Set-I) and data collection tools (Set-II).
Match the two sets and indicate your answer by selecting the correct code:

Match the two sets and indicate your answer by selecting the correct code:

A | ii i iii iv |
B | iii iv ii i |
C | ii iii i iv |
D | ii iv iii i |
Question 41 |
The issue of 'research ethics' may be considered pertinent at which stage of research?
A | At the stage of problem formulation and its definition |
B | At the stage of defining the population of research |
C | At the stage of data collection and interpretation |
D | At the stage of reporting the findings. |
Question 42 |
In which of the following, reporting format is formally prescribed?
A | Doctoral level thesis |
B | Conference of researchers |
C | Workshops and seminars |
D | Symposia |
Question 43 |
The principal of a school conducts an interview session of teachers and students with a view to explore the possibility of their enhanced participation in school programmes. This endeavour may be related to which type of research?
A | Evaluation Research |
B | Fundamental Research |
C | Action Research |
D | Applied Research |
Question 44 |
A researcher is interested in studying the prospects of a particular political party in an urban area. What tool should he prefer for the study?
A | Rating scale |
B | Interview |
C | Questionnaire |
D | Schedule |
Question 45 |
Ethical norms in research do not involve guidelines for:
A | Thesis format |
B | Copyright |
C | Patenting policy |
D | Data sharing policies |
Question 46 |
Which of the following are the basic rules of APA style of referencing format?
(a) Italicize titles of shorter works such as journal articles or essays
(b) Invert authors’ names (last name first)
(c) Italicize titles of longer works such as books and journals
(d) Alphabetically index reference list
(a) Italicize titles of shorter works such as journal articles or essays
(b) Invert authors’ names (last name first)
(c) Italicize titles of longer works such as books and journals
(d) Alphabetically index reference list
A | (a) and (b) |
B | (b), (c) and (d) |
C | (c) and (d) |
D | (a), (b), (c) and (d) |
Question 47 |
Which of the following are the characteristics of a seminar?
(a) It is a form of academic instruction.
(b) It involves questioning, discussion and debates.
(c) It involves large groups of individuals.
(d) It needs involvement of skilled persons.
(a) It is a form of academic instruction.
(b) It involves questioning, discussion and debates.
(c) It involves large groups of individuals.
(d) It needs involvement of skilled persons.
A | (b) and (c) |
B | (b) and (d) |
C | (b), (c) and (d) |
D | (a), (b) and (d) |
Question 48 |
Which of the following statements is not true in the context of participatory research?
A | It recognizes knowledge as power. |
B | It emphasises on people as experts. |
C | It is a collective process of enquiry. |
D | Its sole purpose is production of knowledge. |
Question 49 |
Which of the following statements is true in the context of the testing of a hypothesis?
A | It is only the alternative hypothesis that can be tested. |
B | It is only the null hypothesis that can be tested. |
C | Both, the alternative and the null hypotheses can be tested. |
D | Both, the alternative and the null hypotheses cannot be tested. |
Question 50 |
Which of the following is an initial mandatory requirement for pursuing research?
A | Developing a research design |
B | Formulating a research question |
C | Deciding about the data analysis procedure |
D | Formulating a research hypothesis |
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