. (Member Access or Dot operator), ?: (Ternary or Conditional Operator ) and :: (Scope Resolution Operator) are ternary operators. It can’t be overloaded.

Throwable class is the built-in base class used to handle all the exceptions in Java.

An operation is class and object behavior

Generalization--> "is a kind of" relationship. It is used for object oriented inheritance models.
Aggregation-->"Has a" relationship

● A control structure is a block of programming that analyzes variables and chooses a direction in which to go based on given parameters.
● The term flow control details the direction the program takes (which way program control "flows").
● Hence it is the basic decision-making process in computing; flow control determines how a computer will respond when given certain conditions and parameters.

● Object-oriented design is the process of planning a system of interacting objects for the purpose of solving a software problem.
● An object contains encapsulated data and procedures (operations) grouped together to represent an entity. The 'object interface' defines how the object can be interacted with.

We can’t directly assign the base class members by using​ ​ initializer list​ in the derived class
We should call the base class constructor in order to initialize base class members.

→ The purpose of any analysis activity in the software life cycle is to create a model of the system's functional requirements that is independent of implementation constraints.
→ The main difference between object-oriented analysis and other forms of analysis is that by the object-oriented approach we organize requirements around objects, which integrate both behaviors (processes) and states (data) modeled after real world objects that the system interacts with. In other or traditional analysis methodologies, the two aspects: processes and data are considered separately.
→ For example, data may be modeled by ER diagrams, and behaviors by flow charts or structure charts.

If null were an Object, it would support the methods of java.lang.Object such as equals().
However, this is not the case - any method invocation on a null results in a NullPointerException.
There is also a special null type, the type of the expression null, which has no name. Because the null type has no name, it is impossible to declare a variable of the null type or to cast to the null type. The null reference is the only possible value of an expression of null type. The null reference can always be cast to any reference type. In practice, the programmer can ignore the null type and just pretend that null is merely a special literal that can be of any reference type

A low level event that indicates that a window has changed its status. This low-level event is generated by a Window object when it is opened, closed, activated, deactivated, iconified, or deiconified, or when focus is transferred into or out of the Window.

● An active object is one that encompasses its own thread of control.
● Active objects are generally autonomous, meaning that they exhibit some behaviour without being operated upon by another object
● Passive objects can only undergo a state change when explicitly acted upon

Encapsulation is the mechanism that binds together code and data it manipulates, and keeps both safe from outside interface and misuse. Class, which contains data members and methods is used to implement Encapsulation.

→ In Run time Polymorphism, call is not resolved by the compiler.
→ Run time Polymorphism is achieved by virtual functions and pointers.
→ Compile time Polymorphism achieved by function overloading and operator overloading.

→ A virtual function or virtual method is an inheritable and overridable function or method for which dynamic dispatch is facilitated.
→ A pure virtual function or pure virtual method is a virtual function that is required to be implemented by a derived class if the derived class is not abstract.

→ A virtual function or virtual method is an inheritable and overridable function or method for which dynamic dispatch is facilitated.
→ Dynamic binding occurs when a pointer or reference is associated with a member function based on the dynamic type of the object.
→ The member function that is dynamically bound must override a virtual function declared in a direct or indirect base class.

→ A catch block is where you handle the exceptions, this block must follow the try block.
→ A single try block can have several catch blocks associated with it. You can catch different exceptions in different catch blocks.
→ When an exception occurs in try block, the corresponding catch block that handles that particular exception executes

→ Public Inheritance − When deriving a class from a public base class, public members of the base class become public members of the derived class and protected members of the base class become protected members of the derived class.
→ A base class's private members are never accessible directly from a derived class, but can be accessed through calls to the public and protected members of the base class. We can summarize the different access types according to - who can access them in the following way −