Control Flow

Question 1
Assume A and B are non zero positive integers. The following code segment
A
Computes the LCM of two numbers
B
Divides the larger number by the smaller number
C
Computes the GCD of two numbers
D
Finds the smaller of two numbers
       Programming-for-Output-Problems       Control Flow       ISRO-2018       Video-Explanation
Question 1 Explanation: 
→ The above iterative code is computes the GCD of two numbers using euclidean algorithm.
→ The procedure is to subtract smaller number from larger. So that we can reduce larger number then doesn’t change the value of GCD.
→ if we performing number of iterations based on condition the larger of two numbers will end up with GCD.
Question 2
Consider the following C program

How many lines of output does this program produce?
A
0-9 lines of output
B
10-19 lines of output
C
20-29 lines of output
D
More than 29 lines of output
       Programming-for-Output-Problems       Control Flow       ISRO-2018       Video-Explanation
Question 2 Explanation: 
→ Since there is one line of output for each loop, we need to determine the number of
times the loop executes. Since i is constant, we need to see the growth of j only.
→ Let the initial value of j be denoted by J1 and the subsequent values by Jn for n= 2, 3,... so that J denotes a progression of j. We see that Jn = 2Jn-1;
→ J1 = 2, which gives Jn = 2n-1;
n = 1, 2, ...
→ The loop will execute as long as i/j=2.0/2n-1 >0.001 which gives n<3log210+2 (or) n<11.97.
→ Thus the loop will execute 11 times which is equivalent to say there will be 11 lines of output.
Question 3
What will be the output of the following C code?
A
10 11 12 13 14
B
10 10 10 10 10
C
0 1 2 3 4
D
Compilation error
       Programming       Control Flow       ISRO-2017 May       Video-Explanation
Question 3 Explanation: 
Step-1: We are initialized i=0 in for loop. It means condition true because it is less than 5.
Step-2: Inside the for loop we are assigning again I value is 10 and printing value i.
Iteration-1: We are printing value 10 then increment by 1
Iteration-2: We are clearing previous value and assigning value 10. Printing value is 10;
Iteration-5: We are clearing previous value and assigning value 10. Printing value is 10
Step-3: output is 1010101010
Question 4
What does the following program do when the input is unsigned 16-bit integer?
A
It prints all even bits from num
B
It prints all odd bits from num
C
It prints binary equivalent of num
D
None of the above
       Programming       Control Flow       ISRO-2017 May       Video-Explanation
Question 4 Explanation: 
Step-1: Take n value initially 14(any number we can take but we are taken 14)
Step-2: 14<16
Step-3: It will print 00000000 00001110
Question 5

The complexity of the program is
A
O(log n)
B
O(n2)
C
O(n2 log n)
D
O(n log n)
       Programming       Control Flow       ISRO-2017 December       Video-Explanation
Question 5 Explanation: 
There are 5 questions to complete.

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