Consider the following C program.

#include <stdio.h>
struct Outnode { 
    char x, y, z ; 
};

int main () { 
    struct Outnode p = {'1', '0', 'a'+2} ; 
    struct Outnode *q = &p ; 
    printf ("%c, %c", *((char*)q+1), *((char*)q+2)) ; 
    return 0 ; 
} 

The output of this program is

Consider the following C program:

#include<stdio.h> 

void fun1(char *s1, char *s2)  { 
     char *tmp;  
     tmp = s1; 
     s1 = s2; 
     s2 = tmp; 
} 

void fun2(char **s2, char **s2)  { 
     char *tmp; 
     tmp = *s1; 
     *s1 = *s2; 
     *s2 = tmp; 
}

int main ()  { 
     char *str1 = "Hi", *str2 = "Bye"; 
     fun1(str1, str2);     printf("%s %s", str1, str2); 
     fun2(&str1, &str2);   printf("%s %s", str1, str2); 
     return 0; 
} 

The output of the program above is

Consider the following C code. Assume that unsigned long int type length is 64 bits.

        unsigned long int fun(unsigned long int n)  { 
            unsigned long int i, j, j=0, sum = 0; 
            for (i = n; i > 1; i = i/2) j++; 
            for ( ; j > 1; j = j/2) sum++; 
            return sum; 
        } 

The value returned when we call fun with the input 2⁴⁰ is

Consider the following program written in pseudo-code. Assume that x and y are integers.

Count (x, y)  {
    if (y != 1)  {
        if (x != 1)  {
            print("*") ;
            Count (x/2, y) ;
        }
        else  {
             y = y - 1 ; 
             Count (1024, y) ; 
        }
    }
}

The number of times that the print statement is executed by the call Count(1024, 1024) is ______.

Consider the following C code:

             #include <stdio.h>
             int *assignval(int *x, int val)   {
                  *x = val;
                  return x;
             }

             void main ( )  {
                  int  *x = malloc(sizeof(int));
                  if(NULL == x)  return;
                     x = assignval(x, 0);
                     if(x)  {
                           x = (int *)malloc(size of(int));
                           if(NULL == x)  return;
                              x = assignval(x, 10);
                     }
                     printf("%dn",  *x);
                     free(x);
              }

The code suffers from which one of the following problems:

Consider the following two functions.

void fun1(int n)   {                 void fun2(int n)   {
        if(n == 0)  return;                  if(n == 0)  return;
        printf("%d", n);                     printf("%d", n);
        fun2(n - 2);                         fun1(++n);
        printf("%d", n);                     printf("%d", n);
}                                    }

The output printed when fun1(5) is called is

Consider the C functions foo and bar given below:

         int foo(int val)   {
                 int x = 0;
                 while (val>0)   {
                    x = x + foo(val--); 
                 }
                 return val;
               }

               int bar(int val)   {
                  int x = 0;
                  while (val>0)   {
                      x = x + bar(val-1);
                  }
                  return val;
               }

Invocations of foo(3) and bar(3) will result in:

Consider the following C program.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

void printlength (char*s, char*t)   {
   unsigned int c = 0;
   int len = ((strlen(s) - strlen(t)) > c) ? strlen(s):strlen(t);
   printf("%d\n", len);
}

void main ()  { 
   char*x = "abc";
   char*y = "defgh";
   printlength(x,y);
}

Recall that strlen is defined in string.h as returning a value of type size_t, which is an unsigned int. The output of the program is _________.

The output of executing the following C program is __________.

           #include<stdio.h>
           int total (int v)   {
               static int count=0;
               while(v)   {
                   count += v&1;
                   v ≫= 1;
               }     
               return count;
           }

           void main()    {
               static int x = 0;
               int i = 5;
               for(; 1> 0; i--)    {
                  x = x + total(i);
               }
               printf("%d\n", x);
           }

Consider the following function implemented in C:

void printxy (int x, int y)   {
      int *ptr;
      x = 0;
      ptr = &x;
      y = *ptr;
      *ptr = 1;
      printf("%d,%d",x,y);
}

The output of invoking printxy(1, 1) is

Consider the C program fragment below which is meant to divide x and y using repeated subtractions. The variables x, y, q and r are all unsigned int.

          while (r >= y)  {
              r = r - y;
              q = q + 1;
          }

Which of the following conditions on the variables x, y, q and r before the execution of the fragment will ensure that the loop terminates in a state satisfying the condition x == (y*q + r)?

Consider the following snippet of a C program. Assume that swap(&x, &y)  exchanges the contents of x and y.

int main ()  {
      int array[] = {3, 5, 1, 4, 6, 2};
      int done = 0;
      int i;

      while (done == 0)  {
           done = 1;
           for (i=0; i<=4; i++)  {
                if (array[i] < array[i+1])  {
                       swap (&array[i], &array[i+1]);
                       done = 0;
                }
           }
           for (i=5; i>=1; i--)  {
                if (array[i] > array[i-1])   {
                      swap(&array[i], &array[i-1]);
                      done=0;
                }
           }
       }
       printf("%d", array[3]);
}

The output of the program is ___________.

Consider the following C program.

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
int main ()  {
  char* c = "GATECSIT2017";
  char* p = c;
  printf("%d", (int) strlen (c + 2[p] - 6[p] - 1));
  return 0;
}

The output of the program is __________.

Consider the following C program.

void f(int, short);
void main ()
{
     int i = 100;
     short s = 12;
     short *p = &s;
     __________ ;         // call to f()
}

Which one of the following expressions, when placed in the blank above, will NOT result in a type checking error?

Consider the following C program.

#include<stdio.h>
void mystery(int *ptra, int *ptrb) {
      int *temp;
      temp = ptrb;
      ptrb = ptra;
      ptra = temp;
}
int main() {
      int a=2016, b=0, c=4, d=42;
      mystery(&a, &b);
      if (a < c)
             mystery(&c, &a);
      mystery(&a, &d);
      printf("%d\n", a);
}

The output of the program is ________.

The following function computes the maximum value contained in an integer array p[] of size n (n >= 1).

       int max(int *p, int n) {
           int a=0, b=n-1;
           
           while (__________) {
               if (p[a] <= p[b]) {a = a+1;}
               else                 {b = b-1;}
           }

           return p[a];
       }

The missing loop condition is

What will be the output of the following C program?

void count(int n)  {
     static int d=1;

     printf("%d ", n);
     printf("%d ", d);
     d++;
     if(n>1) count(n-1);
     printf("%d ", d);
}

void main() {
     count(3);
}

What will be the output of the following pseudo-code when parameters are passed by reference and dynamic scoping is assumed?

       a=3;
       void n(x) {x = x * a; print(x);}
       void m(y) {a = 1; a = y - a; n(a); print(a);}
       void main() {m(a);}

The value printed by the following program is __________.

     void f(int* p, int m) {
        m = m + 5;
        *p = *p + m;
        return;
     }

     void main() {
        int i=5, j=10;
        f(&i, j);
        printf("%d", i+j);
     }

The following function computes X^Y for positive integers X and Y.

       int exp (int X, int Y) {
           int res = 1, a = X, b = Y;

           while ( b != 0 ){
               if ( b%2 == 0) { a = a*a; b = b/2; }
               else           { res = res*a; b = b-1; }
           }
           return res;

        }

Which one of the following conditions is TRUE before every iteration of the loop?

Consider the following program:

    int f(int *p, int n)
    {
       if (n <= 1) return 0;
       else return max (f(p+1,n-1),p[0]-p[1]);
    }

    int main()
    {
       int a[] = {3,5,2,6,4};
       printf("%d", f(a,5));
    }

The value printed by this program is __________.

The output of the following C program is __________.

void f1 (int a, int b)
{
  int c;
  c=a; a=b; b=c;
}
void f2 (int *a, int *b)
{
  int c;
  c=*a; *a=*b;*b=c;
}
int main()
{
  int a=4, b=5, c=6;
  f1(a, b);
  f2(&b, &c);
  printf (“%d”, c-a-b);
  return 0;
}

What is the output of the following C code? Assume that the address of x is 2000 (in decimal) and an integer requires four bytes of memory.

 
int main() { 
        unsigned int x[4][3] = 
          {{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}, {10, 11, 12}};
        printf("%u, %u, %u", x+3, *(x+3), *(x+2)+3);
}