Consider the following grammar.

     S → aSB|d
     B → b 

The number of reduction steps taken by a bottom-up parser while accepting the string aaadbbb is _______.

Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following is the most powerful parsing method?

Which of the following derivations does a top-down parser use while parsing an input string? The input is assumed to be scanned in left to right order.

Which of the following statements is false?

Consider the following grammar with terminal alphabet ∑{a,(,),+,*} and start symbol E. The production rules of the grammar are:

              E → aA
              E → (E)
              A → +E
              A → *E
              A → ε 

(a) Compute the FIRST and FOLLOW sets for E and A.
(b) Complete the LL(1) parse table for the grammar.

Assume that the SLR parser for a grammar G has n₁ states and the LALR parser for G has n₂ states. The relationship between n₁ and n₂ is:

Consider the grammar shown below

S → i E t S S' | a
S' → e S | ε
E → b 

In the predictive parse table. M, of this grammar, the entries M[S', e] and M[S', $] respectively are

Consider the grammar shown below.

S → C C
C → c C | d

The grammar is

Which of the following grammar rules violate the requirements of an operator grammar? P,Q,R are nonterminals, and r,s,t are terminals.

(i) P → Q R
(ii) P → Q s R
(iii) P → ε
(iv) P → Q t R r

An operator precedence parser is a

Merging states with a common core may produce __________ conflicts and does not produce ___________ conflicts in an LALR purser.

Choose the correct alternatives (more than one may be correct) and write the corresponding letters only: Indicate all the true statements from the following:

The grammar A → AA | (A) | ε is not suitable for predictive-parsing because the grammar is:

Consider the grammar:

   S → (S) | a 

Let the number of states in SLR(1), LR(1) and LALR(1) parsers for the grammar be n₁, n₂ and n₃ respectively. The following relationship holds good:

Consider the following expression grammar. The seman­tic rules for expression calculation are stated next to each grammar production.

E → number 	 E.val = number. val
    |E '+' E 	 E(1).val = E(2).val + E>sup>(3).val
    |E '×' E	 E(1).val = E(2).val × E(3).val

The above grammar and the semantic rules are fed to a yacc tool (which is an LALR(1) parser generator) for parsing and evaluating arithmetic expressions. Which one of the following is true about the action of yacc for the given grammar?

Consider the following expression grammar. The seman­tic rules for expression calculation are stated next to each grammar production.

E → number 	 E.val = number. val
    |E '+' E 	 E(1).val = E(2).val + E>sup>(3).val
    |E '×' E	 E(1).val = E(2).val × E(3).val

Assume the conflicts in Part (a) of this question are resolved and an LALR(1) parser is generated for parsing arithmetic expressions as per the given grammar. Consider an expression 3 × 2 + 1. What precedence and associativity properties does the generated parser realize?

Consider the following grammar.

   S → S * E
   S → E
   E → F + E
   E → F
   F → id 

Consider the following LR(0) items corresponding to the grammar above.

(i) S → S * .E
(ii) E → F. + E
(iii) E → F + .E 

Given the items above, which two of them will appear in the same set in the canonical sets-of-items for the grammar?

Consider the following grammar:

   S → FR
   R → S | ε
   F → id

In the predictive parser table, M, of the grammar the entries M[S,id] and M[R,$] respectively.

Which one of the following is a top-down parser?

Consider the grammar with non-terminals N = {S,C,S₁},terminals T = {a,b,i,t,e}, with S as the start symbol, and the following set of rules:

      S --> iCtSS1|a
      S1 --> eS|ϵ
      C --> b

The grammar is NOT LL(1) because:

Consider the following two statements:

P: Every regular grammar is LL(1)
Q: Every regular set has a LR(1) grammar

Which of the following is TRUE?

Among simple LR (SLR), canonical LR, and look-ahead LR (LALR), which of the following pairs identify the method that is very easy to implement and the method that is the most powerful, in that order?

Consider the following grammar G.

  S → F ⎪ H
  F → p ⎪ c
  H → d ⎪ c

Where S, F and H are non-terminal symbols, p, d and c are terminal symbols. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?

S1: LL(1) can parse all strings that are generated using grammar G.
S2: LR(1) can parse all strings that are generated using grammar

A shift reduce parser carries out the actions specified within braces immediately after reducing with the corresponding rule of grammar

S → xxW {print "1"}
S → y {print "2"}
W → Sz {print "3"} 

What is the translation of xxxxyzz using the syntax directed translation scheme described by the above rules?