Match the following:

(P) Condition coverage                      (i) Black-box testing
(Q) Equivalence class partitioning         (ii) System testing
(R) Volume testing                        (iii) White-box testing
(S) Alpha testing                          (iv) Performance testing

Consider the basic COCOMO model where E is the effort applied in person-months, D is the development time in chronological months, KLOC is the estimated number of delivered lines of code (in thousands) and a_b, b_b, c_b, d_b have their usual meanings. The basic COCOMO equations are of the form

A software requirements specification(SRS) document should avoid discussing which one of the following?

Which one of the following assertions concerning code inspection and code walkthrough is true?

Consider a software project with the following information domain characteristic for calculation of function point metric.

Number of external inputs (I) = 30
Number of external output (O) = 60
Number of external inquiries (E) = 23
Number of files (F) = 08
Number of external interfaces (N) = 02

It is given that the complexity weighting factors for I, O, E, F and N are 4, 5, 4, 10 and 7, respectively. It is also given that, out of fourteen value adjustment factors that influence the development effort, four factors are not applicable, each of he other four factors have value 3, and each of the remaining factors have value 4. The computed value of function point metric is __________.

Consider a software program that is artificially seeded with 100 faults. While testing this program, 159 faults are detected, out of which 75 faults are from those artificially seeded faults. Assuming that both are and seeded faults are of same nature and have same distribution, the estimated number of undetected real fault is _____ .

Match the following:

1) Waterfall model        a) Specifications can be
                             developed incrementally

2) Evolutionary model     b) Requirements compromises 
                             are inevitable

3) Component-based        c) Explicit recognition of risk
   software engineering

4) Spiral development     d) Inflexible partitioning of 
                             the project into stages

Which one of the following is TRUE?

In the context of modular software design, which one of the following combinations is desirable?

Match the problem domains in GROUP I with the solution technologies in GROUP II

       GROUP I                                       GROUP II
(P) Service oriented computing                 (1) Interoperability
(Q) Heterogeneous communicating systems        (2) BPMN
(R) Information representation                 (3) Publish-find-bind
(S) Process description                        (4) XML

The following figure represents access graphs of two modules M1 and M2. The filled circles represent methods and the unfilled circles represent attributes. If method m is moved to module M2 keeping the attributes where they are, what can we say about the average cohesion and coupling between modules in the system of two modules?

A company needs to develop digital signal processing software for one of its newest inventions. The software is expected to have 40000 lines of code. The company needs to determine the effort in person-months needed to develop this software using the basic COCOMO model. The multiplicative factor for this model is given as 2.8 for the software development on embedded systems, while the exponentiation factor is given as 1.20. What is the estimated effort in person-months?

Which of the following is NOT desired in a good Software Requirement Specifications (SRS) document?

The following is the comment written for a C function

A software test engineer is assigned the job of doing black box testing. He comes up with the following test cases, many of which are redundant.

Which one of the following option provide the set of non-redundant tests using equivalence class partitioning approach from input perspective for black box testing?

The cyclomatic complexity of each of the modules A and B shown below is 10. What is the cyclomatic complexity of the sequential integration shown on the right hand side?

What is the appropriate pairing of items in the two columns listing various activities encountered in a software life cycle?

P. Requirements Capture	 1. Module Development and Integration
Q. Design	         2. Domain Analysis
R. Implementation	 3. Structural and Behavioral Modeling
S. Maintenance	         4. Performance Tuning

The following program is to be tested for statement coverage:

begin
  if (a== b) {S1; exit;}
  else if (c== d) {S2;]
       else {S3; exit;}
  S4;
end

The test cases T1, T2, T3 and T4 given below are expressed in terms of the properties satisfied by the values of variables a, b, c and d. The exact values are not given. T1 : a, b, c and d are all equal T2 : a, b, c and d are all distinct T3 : a = b and c != d T4 : a != b and c = d Which of the test suites given below ensures coverage of statements S1, S2, S3 and S4?

The coupling between different modules of a software is categorized as follows:

I. Content coupling
II. Common coupling
III. Control coupling
IV. Stamp coupling
V. Data coupling

Coupling between modules can be ranked in the order of strongest (least desirable) to weakest (most desirable) as follows:

Which of the following statements are TRUE?

I. The context diagram should depict the system as a single bubble.
II. External entities should be identified clearly at all levels of DFDs.
III. Control information should not be represented in a DFD.
IV. A data store can be connected either to another data store or to an external entity.

Which of the following are NOT considered when computing function points for a software project?

(O1) External inputs and outputs
(O2) Programming language to be used for the implementation
(O3) User interactions
(O4) External interfaces
(O5) Number of programmers in the software project
(O6) Files used by the system

A software project plan has identified ten tasks with each having dependencies as given in the following table:

         Task            Depends On  

          T1                 -  

          T2                T1  

          T3                T1  

          T4                T1  

          T5                T2  

          T6                T3  

          T7                T3, T4  

          T8                T4  

          T9                T5, T7, T8  

          T10               T6, T9 

Answer the following questions:

(Q1) What is the maximum number of tasks that can be done concurrently?
(Q2) What is the minimum time required to complete the project, assuming that each task requires one time unit and there is no restriction on the number of tasks that can be done in parallel?

In the Spiral model of software development, the primary determinant in selecting activities in each iteration is

The following table shoes the time between failures for a software system

The reliability of the system for one hour of operation assuming an exponential model is

In the simplified flowchart given below, the shaded boxes represent code that is executed during a test case.

The Branch coverage is

Consider the CPM activity chart where an arc connecting two milestones is labeled with a task identifier and the time taken in days. For example in order to go from A to B, task T1 takes 180 days. A dashed line depicts an additional dependency that is equivalent to a zero time task.

The set of activities that lie on the critical path are

Consider the following pseudo-code:

 IF ((A > B) AND (C > D)) THEN
       A = A + 1
       B = B + 1
       ENDIF

The cyclomatic complexity of the pseudo-code is

The cyclomatic complexity of the flow graph of a program provides

With respect to software testing, consider a flow graph G with one connected component. Let E be the number of edges, N be the number of nodes, and P be the number of predicate nodes of G. Consider the following four expressions:
1. E - N + P
2. E - N + 2
3. P + 2
4. P + 1
The cyclomatic complexity of G is given by

A software program consists of two modules M₁ and M₂ that can fail independently, but never simultaneously. The program is considered to have failed if any of these modules fails. Both the modules are ‘repairable’ and so the program starts working again as soon as the repair is done. Assume that the mean time to failure (MTTF) of M₁is T₁ with a mean time to repair (MTTR) of R₁. The MTTF of M₂ is T₂ with an MTTR of R₂. What is the availability of the overall program given that the failure and repair times are all exponentially distributed random variables?

Consider the following structure chart diagram. The boxes have function names embedded in them, while the variables are indicated along the arcs.

Given below are a set of statements relevant to the above diagram.
I. F3 and F6 can be in the same module.
II. F4 and F6 can be in the same module.
III. A4 is both an output and a control variable.
IV. It is incorrect to pass A1 as data and use it as a control variable.
Which combination of these statements is TRUE?

Consider the following program module:

void swap(float* A1, float* A2)
{
    float temp;
    if (*A1 = = *A2) return;
    temp = *A1;
    *A1 = *A2;
    *A2 = temp;
    return;
} 

The program volume for the above module using Halstead's method is

Consider the following program module:

void swap(float* A1, float* A2)
{
    float temp;
    if (*A1 = = *A2) return;
    temp = *A1;
    *A1 = *A2;
    *A2 = temp;
    return;
} 

The program effort for the above module using Halstead's method is

A software project has four phases P1, P2, P3 and P4. Of these phases, P1 Is the first one and needs to be completed before any other phase can commence. Phases P2 and P3 can be executed in parallel. Phase P4 cannot commence until both P2 and P3 are completed. The optimistic, most likely, and pessimistic estimates of the phase completion times in days, for Pl, P2, P3 and P4 are, respectively, (11, 15, 25), (7, 8, 15), (8, 9, 22), and (3, 8, 19).
The critical path for the above project and the slack of P2 are, respectively,

A software project has four phases P1, P2, P3 and P4. Of these phases, P1 Is the first one and needs to be completed before any other phase can commence. Phases P2 and P3 can be executed in parallel. Phase P4 cannot commence until both P2 and P3 are completed. The optimistic, most likely, and pessimistic estimates of the phase completion times in days, for Pl, P2, P3 and P4 are, respectively, (11, 15, 25), (7, 8, 15), (8, 9, 22), and (3, 8, 19).
The costs (in Rupees per day) of crashing the expected phase completion times for the four phases, respectively, are 100, 2000, 50, and 1000. Assume that the expected phase completion times of the phases cannot be crashed below their respective most likely completion times. The minimum and the maximum amounts (in Rupees) that can be spent on crashing so that ALL paths are critical are, respectively.

The Function Point (FP) calculated for a software project are often used to obtain an estimate of Lines of Code (LOC) required for that project. Which of the following statements is FALSE in this context.

The availability of a complex software is 90%. Its Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) is 200 days. Because of the critical nature of the usage, the organization deploying the software further enhanced it to obtain an availability of 95%. In the process, the Mean Time To Repair (MTTR) increased by 5 days.
What is the MTBF of the enhanced software?

In a data flow diagram, the segment shown below is identified as having transaction flow characteristics, with p2 identified as the transaction center

A first level architectural design of this segment will result in a set of process modules with an associated invocation sequence. The most appropriate architecture is

In a software project, COCOMO (Constructive Cost Model) is used to estimate

The diagram that helps in understanding and representing user requirements for a software project using UML (Unified Modeling Language) is:

A software organization has been assessed at SEI CMM Level 4. Which of the following does the organization need to practice beside Process Change Management and Technology Change Management in order to achieve Level 5?

A software configuration management tool helps is

In a particular Unix OS, each data block is of size 1024 bytes, each node has 10 direct data block addresses and three additional addresses: one for single indirect block, one for double indirect block and one for triple indirect block. Also, each block can contain addresses for 128 blocks. Which one of the following is approximately the maximum size of a file in the file system?

A software project involves execution of 5 tasks T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 of duration 10, 15, 18, 30 and 40 days, respectively. T2 and T4 can start only after T1 completes. T3 can start after T2 completes. T5 can start only after both T3 and T4 complete. What is the slack time of the task T3 in days?

Consider the following program module:

int module1 (int x, int y) {
    while (x! = y) {
        if (x > y)
             x = x - y,
        else y = y - x;
        }
    return x;
}

Assume that the delivered lines of code L of a software is related to the effort E in person months and duration t in calendar months by the relation L = P* (E/B)^1/3 * t^4/3, where P and B are two constants for the software process and skills factor. For a software project, the effort was estimated to be 20 person months and the duration was estimated to be 8 months. However, the customer asked the project team to complete the software project in 4 months. What would be the required effort in person months?

A software was tested using the error seeding strategy in which 20 errors were seeded in the code. When the code was tested using the complete test suite, 16 of the seeded errors were detected. The same test suite also detected 200 non-seeded errors. What is the estimated number of undetected errors in the code after this testing?

What is the availability of a software with the following reliability figures?

Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) = 25 days 
Mean Time To Repair (MTTR) = 6 hours 

Assume the following regarding the development of a software system P:

- Estimated lines of code of P : 33, 480 LOC
- Average productivity for P : 620 LOC per person-month
- Number of software developers : 6
- Average salary of a software developer :  50,000 per month

If E, D and C are the estimated development effort (in person-months), estimated development time (in months), and estimated development cost (in Lac) respectively, then (E, D, C) =  

Match the following in Software Engineering :

        List-I                            List-II
(a) Product Complexity          (i) Software Requirements Definition
(b) Structured System Analysis (ii) Software Design
(c) Coupling and Cohesion     (iii) Validation Technique
(d) Symbolic Execution         (iv) Software Cost Estimation

Which one of the following is not typically provided by Source Code Management Software ?

A software system crashed 20 times in the year 2017 and for each crash, it took 2 minutes to restart. Approximately, what was the software availability in that year ?

Match the 5 CMM Maturity levels/CMMI staged representations in List-I with their characterizations in List-II :

    List-I                                List-II
(a) Initial        (i) Processes are improved quantitatively and continually. 
(b) Repeatable    (ii) The plan for a project comes from a template for plans. 
(c) Defined      (iii) The plan uses processes that can be measured quantitatively. 
(d) Managed       (iv) There may not exist a plan or it may be abandoned. 
(e) Optimizing     (v) There’s a plan and people stick to it.

Coupling is a measure of the strength of the interconnections between software modules. Which of the following are correct statements with respect to module coupling ?

P : Common coupling occurs when one module controls the flow of another module by passing it information on what to do.
Q : In data coupling, the complete data structure is passed from one module to another through parameters.
R : Stamp coupling occurs when modules share a composite data structure and use only parts of it.

A software design pattern often used to restrict access to an object is :

Reasons to re-engineer a software include :

P : Allow legacy software to quickly adapt to the changing requirements
Q : Upgrade to newer technologies/platforms/paradigm (for example, object-oriented)
R : Improve software maintainability
S : Allow change in the functionality and architecture of the software

Which of the following is not a key strategy followed by the clean room approach to software development ?

Which of the following statements is/are True ?

P : Refactoring is the process of changing a software system in such a way that it does not alter the external behavior of the code yet improves the internal architecture.
Q : An example of refactoring is adding new features to satisfy a customer requirement discovered after a project is shipped.

The Software Requirement Specification(SRS) is said to be _________ if and only if no subset of individual requirements described in it conflict with each other.

Which of the following statements is/are false?

P: The clean-room strategy to software engineering is based on the incremental software process model.
Q: The clean-room strategy to software engineering is one of the ways to overcome “unconscious” copying of copyrighted code.

Choose the correct answer from the code given below:

Which of the following statements is/are true?

P: Software Reengineering is preferable for software products having high failure rates, having poor design and/or having poor code structure
Q: Software Reverse Engineering is the process of analyzing software with the objective of recovering its design and requirement specification.

Choose the correct answer from the code given below:

Software coupling involves dependencies among pieces of software called modules. Which of the following are correct statements with respect to module coupling?

P: Common Coupling occurs when two modules share the same global data
Q: control Coupling occur when modules share a composite data structure and use only part of it.
R: Content coupling occurs when one module modifies or relies on the internal working of another module.

Choose a correct answer from the code given below:

     List-I                                     List-II
(a) State Diagram        (i) Describe how the external entities (people, devices) 
                             can interact with the system
(b) Use case diagram    (ii) Used to describe the static or structural view of a system
(c) Class diagram      (iii) Usd to show the flow of a business process, the steps 
                             of a use case or the logic of an object behaviour
(d) Activity diagram    (iv) Used to describe the dynamic behaviour of objects and could 
                             also be used to describe the entire system behaviour

A legacy software system has 940 modules. The latest release require that 90 of these modules be changed. In addition, 40 new modules were added and 12 old modules were removed. Compute the software maturity index for the system.

Which of the following is not one of the principles of agile software development method ?

Suppose a cloud contains software stack such as Operating system, Application software, etc. This model is referred as _________ model.

Software products need perfective maintenance for which of the following reasons ?

Which of the following is a white box testing technique?

Which of the following DFD levels depicts the entire information system as one diagram concealing all the underlying details?

Which of the following is NOT a goal of the software testing?

What is the Cyclomatic Complexity of the following flow-graph of a software code?

If customer is to be involved in all phases of software development, which software model can be selected: